"Laser charging" build ups are easy with a saw wave, a slow rising pitch envelope (low to high) and a bit of highpass filter.
exactly that except its a sine wave. envelope can go from high to low aswell depending on the kind of laser sound you want (yeaaa!!!) make the curve more convex or more concave. put an arp on it to simulate a laser barrage!
for other types of effects, most of them are built on analogue or virtual analogue synths. reFX vanguard is really suitable for this because its got a few special oscillator waveforms designed specifically for crazy effects (white noise, pink noise, r2d2 etc). get a good blippy sound from an r2d2 wave. modulate the oscillator pitch on the LFO to make it wobble violently. open the filter resonance quite wide and either gate it or arp to make it even crazier then filter or fade it in.
use the white noise waveform + long decay and release times on the envelope on low pass filter. middle to high resonance. very long reverb tail. you can make alot of airy, wooshing sounds, especially with the glide function on.
and yea if your synth has FM capabilities (nords and viruses do) then have fun cranking the FM up and tuning the oscillators out to make wild electronic screaming noises.